Campylobacteriosis in sheep
Campylobacteriosis is a significant disease in sheep, primarily known for causing abortion in ewes. This disease is caused by bacteria from the genus Campylobacter, with Campylobacter fetus subspecies fetus and C. jejuni being the most common culprits. It can lead to substantial economic losses due to abortion storms, where a large percentage of ewes may abort when the infection is introduced into a naïve flock.
Symptoms and Diagnosis of Campylobacteriosis 🩺
The primary symptom of campylobacteriosis in sheep is abortion, typically occurring in the last six weeks of gestation. Ewes may also give birth to live but weak lambs. Occasionally, mild diarrhea may be observed in ewes prior to abortion.
Diagnosis is based on the presence of characteristic curved Gram-negative rods in smears from placentae, cotyledons, and fetal stomach contents. Confirmation is achieved through culture on selective media under microaerophilic conditions.
Treatment of Campylobacteriosis💊
In the face of an outbreak, treatment options include the use of antibiotics such as penicillin G and oxytetracycline. However, the effectiveness of antibiotics can vary, and they are often used more as a control measure rather than a cure.
Prevention of Campylobacteriosis🛡️
Prevention of campylobacteriosis involves good biosecurity practices, such as maintaining a closed flock and ensuring new animals are quarantined before introduction. Vaccination is also an effective preventive measure, with killed adjuvanted vaccines being widely used in regions like North America and New Zealand.
Isolation of aborting ewes and proper disposal of aborted materials are crucial to limit the spread of the disease. Additionally, ensuring that susceptible animals are not exposed to contaminated feed and water can help prevent outbreaks.