Enzootic Abortion in Ewes (EAE)
Enzootic abortion, also known as Chlamydial abortion or Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE), is a significant reproductive issue in sheep flocks. It is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia abortus and can lead to the birth of weak or dead lambs. This disease is not only a concern for animal health but also poses a zoonotic risk, meaning it can be transmitted to humans, particularly affecting pregnant women. Let's dive into understanding this disease better and how you can manage it on your farm.
Symptoms and Diagnosis of EAE 🩺
The first signs of enzootic abortion are usually stillborn or weak lambs, appearing one or two weeks before the expected due date. Infected ewes might have one dead lamb and one live (but weak or healthy) lamb. The placenta often appears thickened and dark red, with a dirty yellow material between the cotyledons. Ewes generally seem healthy but may have a discharge`[1]`.
Diagnosis involves laboratory testing of samples from aborted lambs and placentas. It's crucial to contact your vet if you notice more than two abortions over two days`[2]`.
Treatment of EAE 💊
While there is no specific treatment for enzootic abortion, managing an outbreak involves isolating aborted ewes until their discharge clears, ideally for six weeks. Cleaning and disinfecting lambing pens is essential. Antibiotics should only be used if specifically advised by a vet during an outbreak`[3]``[4]`.
Prevention of EAE 🛡️
Prevention is key to managing enzootic abortion. Vaccination is highly effective and should be done four weeks before the tupping period. It's often only necessary to vaccinate a ewe once in her lifetime. Maintaining strict hygiene and isolating new or aborting ewes can help prevent the spread of infection`[5]`.
Additionally, avoid fostering ewe lambs onto ewes that have aborted, as they may abort themselves at their first lambing`[6]`.
Conclusion
Enzootic abortion is a challenging disease, but with vigilant management and preventive measures, you can protect your flock. Always consult with your veterinarian for the best strategies tailored to your farm's needs.